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Title:              CCD observations of Phoebe, 9th satellite of Saturn
Authors:            Fienga, A.; Arlot, J.-E.; Baron, N.;
                    Bec-Borsenberger, A.; Crochot, A.; Emelyanov, N.;
                    Thuillot, W.
Affiliation:        AA(Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des 
                    éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 
                    avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France), 
                    AB(Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des 
                    éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 
                    avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France), 
                    AC(Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des 
                    éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 
                    avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France), 
                    AD(Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des 
                    éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 
                    avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France), 
                    AE(Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des 
                    éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 
                    avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France), 
                    AF(Sternberg Institute, Moscow, Russia and Institut 
                    de mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides, 
                    Observatoire de Paris, France), AG(Institut de 
                    mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides, 
                    Observatoire de Paris, EP 1825 CNRS, 77 avenue 
                    Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France)
Journal:            Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.391, p.767-773 (2002) 
                    (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:   08/2002
Origin:             A&A
A&A Keywords:       planets and satellites: general, astrometry
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002: Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bibliographic Code: 2002A&A...391..767F

Abstract

In 1998 and 1999, we started observations of the 9th satellite of Saturn. We made 163 observations using the 120 cm-telescope of Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France. We used the USNO A2 catalogue of stars for the astrometric reduction. With the help of observations of optical counterparts of ICRF sources, a zonal correction to the USNO A2.0 catalogue was computed and applied to the Phoebe positions. A comparison with the most recent theories was made.

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Title:              Observations and Theoretical Analysis of Lightcurves 
                    of Natural Satellites of Planets
Authors:            Devyatkin, A. V.; Gorshanov, D. L.; Gritsuk, A. N.;
                    Mel'nikov, A. V.; Sidorov, M. Yu.; Shevchenko, I. I.
Affiliation:        AA(Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy 
                    of Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru), AB(Pulkovo 
                    Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of 
                    Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru), AC(Pulkovo 
                    Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of 
                    Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru), AD(Pulkovo 
                    Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of 
                    Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru), AE(Pulkovo 
                    Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of 
                    Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru), AF(Pulkovo 
                    Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of 
                    Sciences, Pulkovskoe shosse 65/1, St. Petersburg, 
                    196140 Russiaadev@gao.spb.ru)
Journal:            Solar System Research, v. 36, Issue 3, p. 248-259 
                    (2002).
Publication Date:   05/2002
Origin:             KLUWER
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Bibliographic Code: 2002SoSyR..36..248D

Abstract

We present the results of photometric observations of Saturn's seventh satellite Hyperion and four other planetary satellites: Saturn's moon Phoebe and three Jovian satellites Himalia, Elara, and Pasiphae. The observations have been conducted from September, 1999 to March, 2000, and during September-October, 2000. Analysis of periodic variations in Hyperion's lightcurve was performed. The lightcurve was modeled using the software package developed for calculating the rotational dynamics of a satellite. Our data generally indicate that over the period of observations Hyperion was in the chaotic mode of rotation.

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Title:              High-Resolution 0.33-0.92 μm Spectra of Iapetus, 
                    Hyperion, Phoebe, Rhea, Dione, and D-Type Asteroids: 
                    How Are They Related?
Authors:            Buratti, Bonnie J.; Hicks, Michael D.; Tryka, Kimberly A.;
                    Sittig, Micah S.; Newburn, Ray L.
Affiliation:        AA(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute 
                    of Technology, Pasadena, California. 
                    bonnie.j.buratti@jpl.nasa.gov), AB(Jet Propulsion 
                    Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 
                    Pasadena, California), AC(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 
                    California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 
                    California), AD(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 
                    California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 
                    California), AE(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 
                    California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 
                    California)
Journal:            Icarus, Volume 155, Issue 2, pp. 375-381 (2002). 
                    (Icarus Homepage)
Publication Date:   02/2002
Origin:             AP
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002: Academic Press
Bibliographic Code: 2002Icar..155..375B

Abstract

New high-resolution spectra in the 0.33 to 0.92 μm range of Iapetus, Hyperion, Phoebe, Dione, Rhea, and three D-type asteroids were obtained on the Palomar 200-inch telescope and the double spectrograph. The spectra of Hyperion and the low-albedo hemisphere of Iapetus can both be closely matched by a simple model that is the linear admixture of the spectrum of a medium-sized, high-albedo icy saturnian satellite and D-type material. Our results support an exogenous origin to the dark material on Iapetus; furthermore, this material may share a common origin and a similar means of transport with material on the surface of Hyperion. The recently discovered retrograde satellites of Saturn (Gladman et al., Nature 412, 163-166) may be the source of this material. The leading sides of Callisto and the Uranian satellites may be subjected to a similar alteration mechanism as that of Iapetus: accretion of low-albedo dust originating from outer retrograde satellites. Phoebe does not appear to be related to either Iapetus or Hyperion. Separate spectra of the two hemispheres of Phoebe show no identifiable global compositional differences. .

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Title:              Hyperion-Iapetus: Collisional relationships
Authors:            Marchi, S.; Barbieri, C.; Dell'Oro, A.;
                    Paolicchi, P.
Affiliation:        AA( Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universitàdi Padova, 
                    Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 2, 35122 Padova, Italy), 
                    AB(Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universitàdi Padova, 
                    Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 2, 35122 Padova, Italy 
                    barbieri@pd.astro.it), AC(Dipartimento di Fisica, 
                    Universitàdi Pisa, piazza Torricelli 2, 56127 Pisa, 
                    Italy aldo@astr15pi.difi.unipi.it), AD(Dipartimento 
                    di Fisica, Universitàdi Pisa, piazza Torricelli 2, 
                    56127 Pisa, Italy paolicchi@df.unipi.it)
Journal:            Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.381, p.1059-1065 
                    (2002) (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:   01/2002
Origin:             A&A
A&A Keywords:       MINOR PLANETS, ASTEROIDS, SOLAR SYSTEM: GENERAL
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002: Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bibliographic Code: 2002A&A...381.1059M

Abstract

In this paper, we will deal with one of the most fascinating problems of the Solar System: the origin of the double face of Iapetus, where one half of the satellite is significantly brighter than the other. The ``transfer of mass'' process (see Marchi et al. \cite{marchi}) may be a viable explanation for the visible dichotomy. In this process a satellite undergoes mass transfer from other satellites belonging to the same system. We analyze the pair Hyperion-Iapetus and suggest a possible explanation for the formation of the dark region, which is also known as Cassini Regio.

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Title:              Positional measuring procedure and CCD observations 
                    for Saturnian satellites
Authors:            Peng, Q. Y.; Vienne, A.; Shen, K. X.
Affiliation:        AA( Department of Computer Science, Jinan 
                    University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China and United 
                    Laboratory for Optical Astronomy, Chinese Academy of 
                    Sciences), AB(Institut de mécanique céleste et de 
                    calcul des éphémérides, Observatoire de Paris, UMR 
                    8028 du CNRS and Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, 
                    France), AC(Shanxi Astronomical Observatory, Chinese 
                    Academy of Sciences, Lintong, Shanxi 710600, PR 
                    China and Chinese National Astronomical Research 
                    Center)
Journal:            Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.383, p.296-301 (2002) 
                    (A&A Homepage)
Publication Date:   01/2002
Origin:             A&A
A&A Keywords:       PLANETS AND SATELLITES: INDIVIDUAL: SATURN, 
                    TECHNIQUES: IMAGE PROCESSING, ASTROMETRY
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002: Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bibliographic Code: 2002A&A...383..296P

Abstract

A positional measuring procedure for the eight major satellites of Saturn (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion and Iapetus) is developed. Using this procedure, 199 frames of CCD images, obtained with the 1-meter telescope at the Yunnan Observatory from 1996-2000, are measured. These positions are compared to the ones computed with the Vienne & Duriez ephemerides (TASS1.7). The calibrated parameters of the CCD scale and orientation are determined by the comparison of their measurement coordinates with computed positions of four bright satellites: Tethys, Dione, Rhea and Titan. A catalog of 913 differential positions has been obtained. Analysis of the data as inter-satellite positions shows that these observations of the above-mentioned four satellites have root-mean-square residuals of 0.04 arcsec in the sense of (O-C) (Observed minus Computed). The positional measuring procedure is shown to be good enough to obtain a small dispersion in the observations for the major Saturnian satellites. The full catalog is only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/383/296

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Title:              Observations of planetary satellites with ISO
Authors:            Coustenis, A.; Encrenaz, Th.; Lellouch, E.; Salama, A.;
                    Müller, Th.; Burgdorf, M. J.; Schmitt, B.;
                    Feuchtgruber, H.; Schulz, B.; Ott, S.; de Graauw, Th.;
                    Griffin, M. J.; Kessler, M. F.
Affiliation:        AA(DESPA, Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 Meudon 
                    Cedex, France), AB(DESPA, Paris-Meudon Observatory, 
                    92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AC(DESPA, Paris-Meudon 
                    Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AD(DESPA, 
                    Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, 
                    France), AE(DESPA, Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 
                    Meudon Cedex, France), AF(DESPA, Paris-Meudon 
                    Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AG(DESPA, 
                    Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, 
                    France), AH(DESPA, Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 
                    Meudon Cedex, France), AI(DESPA, Paris-Meudon 
                    Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AJ(DESPA, 
                    Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, 
                    France), AK(DESPA, Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 
                    Meudon Cedex, France), AL(DESPA, Paris-Meudon 
                    Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France), AM(DESPA, 
                    Paris-Meudon Observatory, 92195 Meudon Cedex, 
                    France)
Journal:            Advances in Space Research, Volume 30, Issue 9, p. 
                    1971-1977. (AdSpR Homepage)
Publication Date:   00/2002
Origin:             ELSEVIER
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Bibliographic Code: 2002AdSpR..30.1971C

Abstract

Several observational programmes were conducted with ISO (Kessler et al., 1996) aiming at the investigation of the near- and far- infrared spectrum of the satellites of the giant planets. Thus, Jupiter's satellites Callisto, Io and Ganymede were explored mainly with the spectrometers, while the spectrum of Titan, Saturn's largest satellite, was investigated thoroughly by all the instruments. The analysis of the data has provided original and precious information on the satellites' surfaces and Titan's atmosphere in particular.

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Title:              Solid state convection in the icy satellites: 
                    discussion of its possibility
Authors:            Czechowski, L.; Leliwa-Kopystynski, J.
Affiliation:        AA(Institute of Geophysics, University of Warsaw, 
                    Pasteura7, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland), AB(Institute of 
                    Geophysics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura7, 02-093 
                    Warsaw, Poland)
Journal:            Advances in Space Research, Volume 29, Issue 5, p. 
                    751-756. (AdSpR Homepage)
Publication Date:   00/2002
Origin:             ELSEVIER
Abstract Copyright: (c) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Bibliographic Code: 2002AdSpR..29..751C

Abstract

Surface features of Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Iapetus, Miranda, Ariel, and Titania indicate that these satellites, with radii from the range 252-879 km, are highly or at least moderately modified due to internal tectonic activity. Detailed studies of known surfaces show that Enceladus is probably still geologically active at present while Tethys, Dione, Miranda, Ariel, and Titania were active in the recent past. Convection is one of the processes responsible for the evolution of the bodies of Solar System, including the evolution of icy satellites. We focus on studying the possibility of convection within the medium sized icy satellites. Thermally driven convection of solid satellite material as potential cause of surface evolution is considered for two cases: non-differentiated icy-mineral satellites and differentiated satellites with icy mantle and rocky core. Discussion of the parameters of icy/rocky mixture indicates that the Rayleigh number is higher than critical value for onset of convection.

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