SATELLITE OCCULTATIONS OF IO, 1997-1998 Compiled by John Spencer, Lowell Observatory, from the complete list of mutual events generated by Jean-Eudes Arlot. Occultations of Io by other satellites are very useful for high-resolution observations of Io hot spots. Infrared photometry of these events can produce maps of volcanic thermal emission with higher spatial resolution than can be routinely done by Galileo! See e.g., Spencer et al. 1994, Icarus 107, 195-208. Notes: Io central longitudes are approximate, good to +/- 10 degrees or so, but should be useful for planning. Improved values will be available eventually. I have determined event visibility for Hawaii (H) and the Western US (W), only. Events are sorted into "series", which except for Callisto events consist of one event for every orbit of the occulting satellite, with smoothly-varying geometry between events in the series. I have not included the grazing June 1996 Io/Europa events, and have not estimated central longitudes for the first Europa series, which are unobservable due to the proximity of the Sun. Note that the three Ganymede events where Io is behind Jupiter don't really occur in any real sense, as Jupiter intervenes between Ganymede and Io, but I've retained them for geometrical completeness. Times are given in TT, or TDT (Terrestrial Daylight Time) which is was about 62 seconds ahead of Universal Time (UT) in early 1997. ================================================================================================================================================= DATE (TT) ~Io Visi BEGIN BEGIN MAXIMUM END END END D. TO IMPACT OF MAXIMUM EVENT Cent. bili SHADOW/OCC TOTAL TOTAL SHADOW/OCC PENUMBRA MAGNITUDE DUR. JUPITER PARAM. Year M D Long. ty* H M S H M S H M S H M S H M S H M S S (RJ) (") Notes First Europa series: unobservable due to solar conjunction 1997 1 16 2 OCC 1 A -- -- 5 40 42. 6 11 16. 7 6 53. .149 5171 4.0 .016 1997 1 16 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 7 45 3. 8 33 20. 8 58 41. .265 4418 5.0 .283 1997 1 19 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 16 41 60. 16 58 1. 17 14 46. .337 1967 1.8 .189 1997 1 19 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 22 59 38. 23 8 37. 23 17 6. .097 1048 5.5 .526 1997 1 22 2 OCC 1 C -- -- 18 57 56. 5.7 .9 1997 1 23 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 4 10 10. 4 24 11. 4 38 18. .294 1688 .5 .246 1997 1 23 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 12 54 59. 12 59 27. 13 3 50. .030 531 5.7 .657 1997 1 26 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 8 38 44. 8 44 41. 8 50 50. .045 726 5.5 .624 1997 1 26 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 15 35 2. 15 50 7. 16 4 49. .293 1787 .9 .247 1997 1 27 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 2 38 23. 2 39 28. 2 40 33. .001 131 5.8 .754 1997 1 29 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 22 37 16. 22 52 11. 23 9 31. .214 1935 5.1 .353 1997 1 30 2 OCC 1 P -- -- 2 40 1. 3 3 13. 3 23 37. .345 2616 2.3 .179 1997 1 30 2 OCC 1 C -- -- 16 11 40. 5.9 .8 Second Europa series: good, though fast, occultations of the Pele/Loki hemisphere 1997 3 3 2 OCC 1 C 290 WD HT 16 22 32. 5.5 .9 1997 3 7 2 OCC 1 C 290 5 38 4. 5.4 .8 1997 3 10 2 OCC 1 P 290 WD HD 18 52 43. 18 53 17. 18 53 51. .001 68 5.3 .783 1997 3 14 2 OCC 1 P 300 8 6 22. 8 7 35. 8 8 49. .017 148 5.2 .728 1997 3 17 2 OCC 1 P 300 HD 21 20 2. 21 21 39. 21 23 15. .043 192 5.1 .666 1997 3 21 2 OCC 1 P 300 10 32 60. 10 34 52. 10 36 44. .079 224 5.0 .596 1997 3 24 2 OCC 1 P 300 HD 23 45 47. 23 47 50. 23 49 54. .123 247 4.9 .521 1997 3 28 2 OCC 1 P 300 WD 12 57 53. 13 0 6. 13 2 18. .176 264 4.8 .440 1997 4 1 2 OCC 1 P 300 2 9 48. 2 12 6. 2 14 24. .236 276 4.7 .353 1997 4 4 2 OCC 1 P 310 WD HT 15 21 6. 15 23 28. 15 25 49. .302 283 4.6 .259 1997 4 8 2 OCC 1 P 310 4 32 8. 4 34 32. 4 36 55. .371 286 4.5 .161 1997 4 11 2 OCC 1 A 310 WD HD 17 42 38. 17 45 0. 17 47 23. .148 285 4.4 .058 1997 4 15 2 OCC 1 A 310 6 52 50. 6 55 10. 6 57 30. .148 280 4.2 .050 1997 4 18 2 OCC 1 P 310 HD 20 2 33. 20 4 48. 20 7 4. .373 271 4.1 .163 1997 4 22 2 OCC 1 P 320 9 11 57. 9 14 5. 9 16 14. .297 257 4.0 .279 1997 4 25 2 OCC 1 P 320 22 20 52. 22 22 51. 22 24 51. .222 238 3.9 .399 1997 4 29 2 OCC 1 P 320 WT 11 29 29. 11 31 16. 11 33 3. .151 214 3.8 .522 1997 5 3 2 OCC 1 P 320 0 37 40. 0 39 11. 0 40 42. .087 182 3.7 .649 1997 5 6 2 OCC 1 P 330 WD HN 13 45 35. 13 46 44. 13 47 52. .035 137 3.6 .778 1997 5 10 2 OCC 1 P 330 2 53 19. 2 53 46. 2 54 14. .002 54 3.5 .908 1997 5 13 2 OCC 1 C 330 WD HD 16 0 25. 3.4 1.0 First Ganymede series: leading hemisphere 1997 5 8 3 OCC 1 P 60 HD 18 4 56. 18 6 43. 18 8 31. .035 215 4.2 1.03 1997 5 15 3 OCC 1 P 70 20 58 8. 21 1 10. 21 4 12. .152 364 4.8 .701 1997 5 23 3 OCC 1 P 80 23 56 10. 0 0 7. 0 4 6. .267 476 5.3 .419 1997 5 30 3 OCC 1 T 90 3 1 20. 3 5 45. 3 6 20. 3 6 54. 3 11 24. .321 604 5.7 .192 1997 6 6 3 OCC 1 T 100 6 22 14. 6 27 52. 6 29 9. 6 30 26. 6 36 14. .321 840 5.8 .039 1997 6 13 3 OCC 1 T 120 WN HN 10 34 15. 10 47 11. 10 50 23. 10 53 35. 11 9 15. .321 2101 5.5 .015 Second Ganymede series: anti-Jupiter hemisphere 1997 5 30 3 OCC 1 P 200 HD 18 24 41. 18 37 6. 18 50 8. .142 1528 2.8 .762 1997 6 6 3 OCC 1 P 180 HD 16 45 57. 16 56 30. 17 7 1. .222 1264 .2 .562 In front of Jupiter 1997 6 13 3 OCC 1 P 160 HD 14 41 22. 15 2 48. 15 21 41. .318 2419 3.1 .278 Third Ganymede series: Jupiter-facing hemisphere 1997 5 31 3 OCC 1 P 270 0 20 41. 0 31 16. 0 41 10. .150 1229 5.8 .742 1997 6 7 3 OCC 1 P 280 4 27 43. 4 33 44. 4 39 38. .239 715 5.9 .516 1997 6 14 3 OCC 1 P 290 7 42 11. 7 47 1. 7 51 48. .315 577 5.6 .291 1997 6 21 3 OCC 1 T 300 WN HN 10 37 29. 10 40 56. 10 41 40. 10 42 24. 10 45 49. .321 499 5.3 .079 1997 6 28 3 OCC 1 T 300 WD HN 13 21 57. 13 25 2. 13 25 40. 13 26 18. 13 29 21. .321 444 4.9 .107 1997 7 5 3 OCC 1 T 310 HD 15 58 45. 16 1 54. 16 2 7. 16 2 19. 16 5 27. .321 402 4.4 .255 1997 7 12 3 OCC 1 P 310 18 30 24. 18 33 29. 18 36 34. .305 370 3.9 .355 1997 7 19 3 OCC 1 P 320 20 57 31. 21 0 26. 21 3 20. .293 349 3.4 .404 1997 7 26 3 OCC 1 P 320 23 21 36. 23 24 24. 23 27 11. .296 335 3.0 .399 1997 8 3 3 OCC 1 P 330 1 43 23. 1 46 7. 1 48 51. .311 328 2.5 .342 1997 8 10 3 OCC 1 T 340 WN 4 3 55. 4 6 20. 4 6 37. 4 6 53. 4 9 19. .320 324 2.0 .239 1997 8 17 3 OCC 1 T 340 WN HN 6 24 8. 6 26 20. 6 26 48. 6 27 16. 6 29 29. .320 321 1.5 .101 1997 8 24 3 OCC 1 T 350 WN HN 8 44 34. 8 46 44. 8 47 13. 8 47 42. 8 49 52. .320 318 1.0 .060 On Jupiter Limb 1997 8 31 3 OCC 1 T 350 -- 11 6 13. 11 8 33. 11 8 49. 11 9 6. 11 11 25. .320 312 .4 .230 Behind Jupiter! 1997 9 7 3 OCC 1 P 0 13 29 4. 13 31 35. 13 34 7. .294 303 .1 .397 Behind Jupiter! 1997 9 14 3 OCC 1 P 10 15 53 59. 15 56 25. 15 58 52. .244 293 .7 .546 Behind Jupiter! 1997 9 21 3 OCC 1 P 10 18 21 11. 18 23 33. 18 25 54. .198 283 1.3 .667 1997 9 28 3 OCC 1 P 20 20 51 17. 20 53 34. 20 55 52. .163 275 1.8 .754 1997 10 5 3 OCC 1 P 20 23 24 51. 23 27 7. 23 29 23. .141 272 2.4 .802 1997 10 13 3 OCC 1 P 30 WN HD 2 2 16. 2 4 35. 2 6 54. .132 278 3.0 .807 1997 10 20 3 OCC 1 P 40 WN HT 4 44 27. 4 46 56. 4 49 24. .138 297 3.6 .773 1997 10 27 3 OCC 1 P 50 HN 7 31 34. 7 34 19. 7 37 4. .158 329 4.2 .704 1997 11 10 3 OCC 1 P 60 13 27 48. 13 31 35. 13 35 23. .232 455 5.3 .489 1997 11 17 3 OCC 1 P 70 16 43 43. 16 48 30. 16 53 21. .278 578 5.7 .366 1997 11 24 3 OCC 1 P 90 WD? 20 26 5. 20 33 7. 20 40 23. .312 858 5.9 .261 Fourth Ganymede series: trailing hemisphere 1997 11 18 3 OCC 1 P 260 14 2 1. 14 10 39. 14 18 49. .059 1009 5.7 .927 1997 11 25 3 OCC 1 P 270 18 35 42. 18 40 22. 18 44 58. .106 557 5.8 .774 1997 12 2 3 OCC 1 P 300 WD HD 22 11 38. 22 15 39. 22 19 37. .183 479 5.5 .571 1997 12 10 3 OCC 1 P 310 WN HD 1 30 40. 1 34 21. 1 38 1. .286 441 4.9 .324 1997 12 17 3 OCC 1 T 320 HN 4 40 48. 4 43 35. 4 44 12. 4 44 49. 4 47 35. .321 407 4.4 .038 1997 12 24 3 OCC 1 P 320 7 46 18. 7 49 18. 7 52 17. .299 360 3.7 .282 1997 12 31 3 OCC 1 P 330 10 49 3. 10 51 24. 10 53 45. .140 283 2.9 .631 1998 1 7 3 OCC 1 P 340 13 50 57. 13 51 52. 13 52 47. .007 110 2.2 1.00 Fifth Ganymede series: anti-Jupiter hemisphere 1997 11 18 3 OCC 1 P 210 8 32 33. 8 43 37. 8 55 14. .077 1360 3.0 .871 1997 11 25 3 OCC 1 P 170 HN 6 28 20. 6 38 3. 6 47 43. .154 1163 .4 .653 In front of Jupiter Miscellaneous Callisto events 1997 4 24 4 OCC 1 P 20 WN? 10 44 46. 10 45 60. 10 47 13. .017 147 1.7 1.00 1997 5 10 4 OCC 1 P 110 HD 19 7 42. 19 22 1. 19 39 3. .153 1882 5.6 .664 1997 5 10 4 OCC 1 P 130 22 16 14. 22 35 10. 22 51 15. .169 2101 4.2 .625 1997 5 11 4 OCC 1 T 320 19 59 6. 20 2 11. 20 2 41. 20 3 11. 20 6 14. .361 428 4.3 .016 1997 9 21 4 OCC 1 P 350 15 31 19. 15 32 31. 15 33 44. .018 145 1.2 1.223 1997 10 7 4 OCC 1 P 50 WN HN 19 35 9. 19 36 46. 19 38 23. .028 195 3.7 1.122 1997 10 25 4 OCC 1 P 330 4 23 42. 4 26 27. 4 29 11. .236 330 2.7 .501 1997 11 10 4 OCC 1 P 30 9 12 3. 9 13 24. 9 14 45. .020 162 2.7 1.039 1997 11 27 4 OCC 1 P 330 18 52 48. 18 53 12. 18 53 36. .000 48 3.3 1.097 *Visiblity Codes: W=Western US, H=Hawaii, D=daytime, T=twilight, N=nighttime, ?=marginal airmass (from Lowell Observatory).